In the 2021 government work report, it is mentioned that more equitable and higher quality education should be developed in 2021; Promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education. What role do you think education informatization has played in improving education quality and realizing education equity?

Associate Professor Zhuang Rongxia:China's educational modernization 2035 proposes to "accelerate the educational reform in the information age, accelerate the reform of talent training mode by using modern technology, and realize the organic combination of large-scale education and personalized training". Large scale education and personalized training show the two key words of "educational equity" and "educational quality".

With the development of 5g, big data, Internet of things, artificial intelligence and other new generation information technologies, it is necessary for us to deeply integrate these information technologies, especially intelligent technology, with education and teaching. This integration helps to narrow the gap between some regions, between urban and rural areas and between schools, alleviate the problem of educational digital divide and the imbalance of high-quality educational resources and high-quality teachers in different regions. At the same time, it can provide personalized, accurate and high-quality learning guidance for students, and ensure the high quality of education on the basis of solving fairness.

In this year's government work report, it is proposed to "strengthen the construction of 5g network and gigabit optical network and enrich application scenarios". In recent two years, 5g has developed rapidly in China. 5g has the characteristics of ultra-high data rate, large-scale connection, low delay and high reliability. These characteristics are widely used in education. Let's take 5g as a small entrance to see if 5g can help us solve the problems of educational equity and quality.

From the perspective of equity, 5g and other technologies can be used to promote educational balance and solve the problem of educational digital divide.Last year, during novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak, China launched large-scale online education and teaching. Relying on 5g network, many places have made many attempts, such as 5g online classroom, 5g remote teaching and research, 5g 4K video transmission, etc. 5g network can ensure the stable operation of educational resource platform. The combination of 5g, holographic technology and AR / VR technology makes some famous teacher courses and digital resources very vivid, which helps to promote the sharing of high-quality educational resources, serve the development of educational informatization and the improvement of educational fairness and quality.

In addition,In terms of 5g specific educational applications,5gHigh bandwidth, low delay, high reliability and support massive connectionsThe basic features have been applied by many schools and enterprises, and some application scenarios have been explored in education, such as 5g smart campus, 5g smart classroom, 5g live teaching, 5g VR teaching, etc.

In the early stage, our team tried to describe the 5g application scenario from another perspective in the subject research combined with previous research results. The application scenarios of 5g in education are mainly reflected in the five core fields centered on the school, namely school, family, community, public places and workplaces, as well as the four extended fields, namely classrooms, school districts, venues and rural areas. This constitutes nine fields. 5g can find some special application scenarios in these nine fields.

1、 School field

School is the most important field. In the school field,5g smart campus, 5g enhanced interactive classroom, ultra-high definition interactive teaching, remote and virtual simulation experiments are more characteristic application scenarios.This is also the combination of 5g and other intelligent technologies. The following is a brief introduction to these four application scenarios.

First, 5g smart campus.On the one hand, 5g smart campus comprehensively uses 5g technology, big data, artificial intelligence, Internet of things and other technologies. From the perspective of environment, we should fully perceive the physical environment in the school through 5g and other technologies to help students identify learning situations; In schools, we should use various technologies and data to support teaching, research and intelligent decision-making according to the identification of situations. On the other hand, some resource sharing between schools and between schools and enterprises can be used to provide students with an open and integrated online and offline learning environment.

Second, 5g enhanced interactive classroom.In this classroom, we integrate holographic projection, AR / VR / MR / XR and other presentation technologies, combined with 5g network, break the existing classroom wall, and combine online and offline, real and virtual, so as to bring students a strong sense of immersion and facilitate the interaction between teachers and students. In this process, collaborative knowledge construction among students is more diverse. From the perspective of teachers, various sensing devices can be used to collect the teaching and learning data of students and teachers in the teaching process. Teachers can carry out accurate teaching based on these data to make students learn more intelligently in the classroom.

Third, Ultra HD interactive teaching.Use 5g to carry out ultra-high definition interactive teaching, including interactive live broadcast teaching, hybrid synchronous teaching and other forms. This interactive teaching can also meet the requirements of some disciplines, such as music, dance and other disciplines with very precise time requirements. With the support of 5g technology, double teacher teaching can be carried out to achieve good experience and share high-quality resources.

Fourth, remote and virtual simulation experiments.5g can be combined with extended reality and other intelligent technologies to provide students with high simulation and visual teaching content and create experimental training teaching situations with telepresence, immersion and interactivity for students. Especially in this experimental situation, combined with the Internet of things technology, it can remotely use the Internet to control some facilities and equipment and realize some remote simulation experiments.

2、 Family field

In the home field, although WiFi is mostly used now, with the development of 5g technology, it is also possible that 5g will be used at home one day in the future. At this time, with 5g technology and artificial intelligence technology, there may be many types of machine learning partners at home, such as all kinds of small robots, which are possible.

3、 Common field

In public areas, such as bus stops, bookstores, cafes, etc., sometimes people will see something to learn in these places, so it is also a place for learning. In these public places, 5g helps people form a seamless learning environment. As long as people have a convenient 5g device, they can learn anytime and anywhere, accept school courses or other interest learning.

4、 Venue area

In the venue field, we often hear "smart venue", "smart Museum" and so on. For example, science and technology museums are transforming to smart venues, so 5g technology can support students' immersive experience and promote their venue learning. Venues are also a very important learning field.

5、 Community or rural field

In the community or rural areas, especially in some rural areas or remote areas, we should send 5g technology. Not only technology, but also a way of learning. Therefore, we conceived a scenario called "5g Mobile Smart Classroom". "5g Mobile Smart Classroom" is like a mobile car. It not only sends 5g network, but also sends some learning methods such as cooperation, exploration and experiential learning, so as to let students do some experience, so as to narrow the digital divide in teaching or learning methods.

6、 Work field

In the workplace, there will be a lot of training here, which is also a very important learning environment. With the support of 5g and other technologies, with the development of tactile Internet or skill Internet research, the learning of tactile action skills such as playing the piano will be very rich and vivid. Students can also learn skills such as remote maintenance and industrial training with the help of the enhanced tactile interactive experience provided by the tactile Internet.

 

5g has some special application scenarios in schools, families, public places, venues, communities, rural areas or workplaces. In general, 5g technology is not a single development. It will support the development of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and edge computing to make these technologies more intelligent. Using intelligent technology to solve the current education and teaching problems has gradually become a consensus.

Nowadays, technologies such as 5g and artificial intelligence are gradually applied to education and teaching scenes. Would you like to talk about the challenges of teacher-student interaction in the application of educational scenarios?

Associate Professor Zhuang Rongxia:In teaching, now more attention will be paid to the perspective of students, emphasizing students' learning experience, and teaching should be student-centered. The application of intelligent technologies such as 5g and artificial intelligence creates a learning environment for students, which is different from the classroom environment dominated by teacher-student interaction in the past.

In the new environment, in addition to teachers and students, there are some technical support. In this case, it is a great challenge for teacher-student interaction. We often hear a word called"Ternary space"。 For example, our face-to-face way is social space, and communication through the Internet is information space. Now the room we are in during the interview is physical space. In the process of teaching and learning, teachers and students need to understand the problem of interaction in a physical space, an information space and a face-to-face social space.

The application of these technologies makes many teaching modes have a feature: "online and offline integration" or "Omo". This makes our space more complex. However, no matter how the space changes, the most important thing is interaction. We emphasize students' learning experience and interaction. In the interaction, on the one hand, there will be the expression of discourse, that is, behavioral interaction; On the other hand, feel happy in communication, which is emotional interaction. Although the teaching mode is diverse, it always needs some behavioral interaction and emotional interaction.

First, the interactive relationship has changed.The original face-to-face interactive relationship between teachers and students has been expanded to the interactive relationship between students, teachers and students, students and other online people, teachers and other online teaching colleagues, and has become multi-party interaction. This is the relationship challenge brought by technology. The relationship is no longer single, but more comprehensive and complex.

Second, the form of interaction has changed.It used to be a visible face-to-face interaction. During the fight against the epidemic last year, the biggest challenge for teachers in class was to have live classes. Teachers can only see the screen, can't see the students far away, and don't know the effect of lectures. This brings a challenge to teachers' interaction. In this regard, teachers can interact by letting students send information and praise online. This is a compensation method for interaction. This compensation can bring a kind of behavioral interaction, and more importantly, it can bring an emotional interaction to teachers and students.

The above-mentioned challenges in relationship and form are a big problem encountered by teachers.